The monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) is important in predicting relapse and giving a more sensitive measurement to clinicians as to whether a cancer has been fully eradicated. In this interview, from the American Society of Hematology (ASH) 2017 Annual Meeting and Exposition, held in Atlanta, GA, Bruno Paiva, PhD, of the University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, describes the recent Phase III GEM2012MENOS65 trial (NCT01916252), where MRD monitoring was performed using next generation flow (NGF) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients after VRD and high dose chemotherapy. Dr Paiva also discusses the clinical questions arising from the results of this trial.