Measurable residual disease (MRD) analysis is becoming increasingly commonplace as a prognostic indicator and tool for guiding the management of multiple myeloma (MM) and other hematological malignancies. Here, Nikhil Munshi, MD, of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, discusses how MRD can be used both as a surrogate for other outcome indicators like progression-free and overall survival, and for treatment guidance. He elaborates on this concept, suggesting that MRD negative patients could avoid aggressive treatments like stem cell transplants, and that with further research, perhaps even maintenance therapy could be avoided or reduced. This video was recorded at the 23rd Congress of European Hematology Association (EHA) 2018, held in Stockholm, Sweden.