An immunoscore is an evaluative test of a cancer patients adaptive immune activity towards their tumor, and can predict survival, recurrence and treatment response. Here, Jerome Galon, PhD, of Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France, describes how the immunoscore could be used on tumor biopsies before, during and after a course of treatment to evaluate the efficacy of the therapy and monitor the patients wellbeing. This video was recorded at the 2017 National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) Conference, held in Liverpool, UK.