The treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients who have relapsed has, to date, been quite difficult as there has been a notable lack of knowledge behind the cause of the changes leading to relapse. In this video, Giovanni Martinelli, MD, of the Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo, Meldola, Italy, discusses a recent revelation in the mechanisms behind AML relapse and what new advances this has led to. Prof. Martinelli refers specifically to the QuANTUM-R trial (NCT02039726) currently underway, which is investigating the effects of quizartinib on relapsed/refractory AML. Speaking from the 23rd Congress of the European Hematology Association (EHA) 2018, held in Stockholm, Sweden, Prof. Martinelli puts particular emphasis on Phase III of the trial, which seems very hopeful for the future of quizartinib.