Artificial neural networks that can process information have existed for a long time. However, in recent years greater computing power has allowed for the creation of deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which are capable of processing much larger data sets and producing more sophisticated results. Speaking from the 2017 National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) Conference, held in Liverpool, UK, Julia Schnabel, PhD, of Kings College London, London, UK, discusses the advent of these deep learning neural networks and how they came about.