After presenting the initial results of a study investigating the efficacy of ibrutinib for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) within a population-based setting, Lina van der Straten, PhD, of the Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands, offers some explanations for these results. Dr van der Straten contrasts the difference in the initial health of the patients, followed by the differing levels of patient care between her study and those conducted as a part of clinical trials. Concluding her talk, Dr van der Straten discusses an interesting point about the prognosis of patients with anemia. This interview took place at the 23rd Congress of the European Hematology Association (EHA) 2018 in Stockholm, Sweden.