At the 6th European Lung Cancer Conference (ELCC), held in Geneva, Switzerland, from 1316 April 2016, Joseph Paul Eder, MD, from Yale University Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, discusses multiple immune checkpoint molecules, including PD-L2, gamma interferon, IDO, TIM3 LAG-3 B7H3, that may have clinical relevance for the treatment of patients with lung cancer.