At the Thirteenth International Kidney Cancer Symposium, Dr James Hsieh (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY) discusses chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which comprises 5% of RCC. Chromophobe RCC variants are important determinants in current treatment options. The incidence of incurable, metastatic disease in chromophobe RCC is 5%. Recent studies have improved the molecular understanding of chromophobe RCC and are hoped to direct therapeutic development.