Jeanny Aragon-Ching, MD, FACP, of Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Falls Church, VA, discusses the differences in survival rates of non-urothelial bladder cancer patients at the Genitourinary Cancers Symposium 2018, held in San Francisco, CA. Dr Aragon-Ching discusses how rare non-urothelial bladder cancers are, considering how non-urothelial neoplasms account for less than 5% of bladder neoplasms. Her group studied the SEER database and found that, of the different types of non-urothelial bladder cancers, adenocarcinomas had the best outcome. Contrastingly, research suggests squamous cell carcinomas have the poorest outcome. Dr Aragon-Ching emphasizes the need to develop clinical trials specifically targeting these rare diseases, in order to reduce mortality rates and increase patient survival rates.