At the 2016 Annual Meeting of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), held in Valencia, Spain, Gesine Bug, MD from University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany discusses deacetylase inhibitors, which inhibit acetylation of histones and several proteins important for cancer. These molecules need to be combined with demethylating agents or chemotherapy. They are orally available and can be used for maintenance therapy, in particular in patients after allogeneic transplantation.