Christoph Röllig, MD, from the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany, discusses how his team is carrying out treatment optimization trials to match established acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapies to the ideal patient population. This initiative involves comparing dosing schedules of available drugs and establishing which patients will benefit from allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Newly FDA-approved drugs are also being examined to see if they can be combined with standard regimens to tackle relapse and resistance. This interview was recorded at the 2018 European School of Hematology (ESH) Clinical Updates on Acute Leukemias, held in Budapest, Hungary.