Speaking from the American Society of Oncology (ASCO) 2018 Annual Meeting, held in Chicago, IL, Anthony Mato, MD, MSCE, from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, gives his insight on the challenges of finding more effective treatment options for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). More and more chemotherapy agents are being approved for the treatment of CLL, so effective measures need to be put in place to ensure the safety of these novel therapies when used in combination with existing drugs, utilizing retrospective data and existing clinical trial results. Dr Mato also explains how updating the current literature on novel CLL therapies will facilitate decision making when choosing appropriate therapies for the frontline and relapsed/refractory settings.