The outcome for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation remains poor. In this interview, Charles Craddock, CBE, FRCP (UK), FRCPath, DPhil, of the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, discusses the Phase I/II VIOLA study (ISRCTN98163167), which is combining azacitidine and hide dose lenalidomide. Prof. Craddock explains the biological mechanisms underlying the anticipated effects of this combination therapy, and how this new salvage treatment could fill an unmet clinical need. This video was recorded at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) 2017 Annual Meeting and Exposition in Atlanta, GA