Interesting results were produced in the PROUD-PV Study (NCT01949805), which compared the treatment of ropeginterferon alpha-2b with hydroxyurea in patients with polycythemia vera (PV). Here, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian, MD, PhD, of Saint-Louis Hospital & Paris Diderot University, Paris , France, presents the findings over 2 years from the follow-up Phase III CONTI-PV study (NCT02218047) and discusses the use of mutant JAK2 allelic burden as a molecular marker for the disease. This interview was held at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) 2017 Annual Meeting and Exposition, in Atlanta, GA.