Active monitoring, radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy? For men with clinically localized prostate cancer, which intervention has a disease-specific mortality advantage? Here, Freddie Hamdy, MBChB, LRCSPEd, LRCSEd, LRCPSGlasg, FRCSEd, MD, FRCSEd(Urol), FRCS, FMedSci, of the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, discusses the importance of a 15-year and 20-year median follow-up for the ProtecT trial (NCT02044172), which compared the effectiveness of these three treatments. This interview was recorded at the 2017 National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) Conference in Liverpool, UK.