Cancerous cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) utilize different metabolic pathways to normal cells. Using this difference in their biology, Giovanni Martinelli, MD, of the Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo, Meldola, Italy, explains how the discovery of two genes that, when mutated, contribute to this altered metabolic pathway and have led to the development of targeted drugs. Prof. Martinelli concludes the interview by stating that although the drugs are still in the early stages of clinical trials, the preliminary results have been very promising. This interview was recorded at the 23rd Congress of the European Hematology Association (EHA) 2018, held at Stockholm, Sweden.